Stigma Cities – The Reputation and History of Birmingham, San Francisco, and La…

Stigma CitiesThe Reputation and History of Birmingham, San Francisco, and Las Vegas\nAuthor(s): Jonathan Foster\nFormat: Paperback\nPublisher: University of Oklahoma Press, United States\nImprint: University of Oklahoma Press\nISBN-13: 9780806194028, 978-0806194028\nSynopsis\nGrowing up in Birmingham, Alabama, a city that he loved, Jonathan Foster was forced to come to grips with its reputation for racial violence. In so doing, he began to question how other cities dealt with similar kinds of stigmas that resulted from behavior and events that fell outside accepted norms. He wanted to know how such stigmas changed over time and how they affected a citys reputation and residents. Those questions led to this examination of the role of stigma and history in three very different cities: Birmingham, San Francisco, and Las Vegas.\n\n In the era of civil rights, Birmingham became known as Bombingham, a place of constant reactionary and racist violence. Las Vegas emerged as the nations most .